In the first decades of the seventeenth century, the important socioeconomic changes that took place in Hispaniola led to important transformation in the relationship between white and Afrodescendant residents, either free or enslaved. The Spanish elites on the island began assigning new responsibilities to enslaved men and women, including their participation in their conflicts with other members of the local elites, which included violent attacks, as well as murder attempts of their rivals. At the same time, free Afrodescendants tried to take advantage of their punctual collaboration with the elites to advance their own personal and communal interests. Despite such opportunities, these men and women often had to confront extraordinarily violent actions by the white population if they ever defied their subordinate status in colonial society.
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